Afghanistan - Geography

Here, let us take a look at the Geography of Afghanistan. Landlocked; the Hindu Kush mountains that run northeast to southwest divide the northern provinces from the rest of the country; the highest peaks are in the northern Vakhan (Wakhan Corridor). Mother's mean age at first birth is N/A , whereas, the Maternal mortality ratio is N/A.

Population Distribution

Populations tend to cluster in the foothills and periphery of the rugged Hindu Kush range; smaller groups are found in many of the country's interior valleys; in general, the east is more densely settled, while the south is sparsely populated

People and Society

In Afghanistan, the different Ethnic groups are such that we have: Current, reliable statistical data on ethnicity in Afghanistan are not available; Afghanistan's 2004 Constitution cited Pashtun, Tajik, Hazara, Uzbek, Turkman, Baluch, Pashaie, Nuristani, Aymaq, Arab, Qirghiz, Qizilbash, Gujur, and Brahwui ethnicities; Afghanistan has dozens of other small ethnic groups

Population N/A
Pop growth rate 2.86% (2025 est.)
Birth rate 35.99 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate 5.79 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Current health expenditure N/A
Physicians Density N/A
Hospital bed Density 0.4 beds/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Total fertility rate 4.89 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate 2.39 (2025 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate N/A
Est married women (ages 15-49) N/A
Literacy N/A
Education expenditures N/A
Net Migration rate N/A
Nationality Afghan | Afghan(s)
Languages N/A
Religions N/A
Age Structure
0-14 years 39.6% (male 8,062,407/female 7,818,897)
15-64 years 57.5% (male 11,702,734/female 11,372,249)
65 years and over 2.9% (2024 est.) (male 535,925/female 629,340)
Dependency Ratios
Total dependency ratio 82.2 (2025 est.)
Youth dependency ratio 77 (2025 est.)
Elderly dependency ratio 5.2 (2025 est.)
Potential support ratio 19 (2025 est.)
Median Age
Total 18.4 years (2025 est.)
Male 20 years
Female 20.1 years
Urbanization
Urban population 26.9% of total population (2023)
Rate of urbanization 3.34% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas (Pop) 4.589 million KABUL (capital) (2023).
Sex Ratio
At birth 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years 1.03 male(s)/female
15-64 years 1.03 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.85 male(s)/female
Total population 1.02 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Infant Motality
Total 42 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
Male 109.7 deaths/1,000 live births
Female 92.5 deaths/1,000 live births
Life Expectancy at birth
Total population 54.4 years (2024 est.)
Male 52.8 years
Female 56.1 years
Drinking Water Sources
Improved: urban urban: 99% of population (2022 est.)
Improved: rural rural: 76.1% of population (2022 est.)
Improved: total total: 82.2% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: urban urban: 1% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: rural rural: 23.9% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: total total: 17.8% of population (2022 est.)
Sanitation facility acess
Improved: urban urban: 93% of population (2022 est.)
Improved: rural rural: 58.9% of population (2022 est.)
Improved: total total: 68% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: urban urban: 7% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: rural rural: 41.1% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: total total: 32% of population (2022 est.)
Major Infectious diseases
Alcohol consumption per capita
Total 0.01 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Beer 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Wine 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Spirits 0.01 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Other alcohols 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Tobacco use
Total 20.8% (2025 est.)
Male 36.5% (2025 est.)
Female 5.2% (2025 est.)
Child marriage
Women married by age 15 9.6% (2023)
Women married by age 18 28.7% (2023)
Men married by age 18 7.3% (2015)
Demographic profile
No additional profile data available.
All Important Facts about Afghanistan

Want to know more about Afghanistan? Check all different factbooks for Afghanistan below.

Afghanistan is found in Southern Asia